Shale oil extraction is an industrial process for unconventional oil production. Shale gas production processes 1st edition elsevier. Oil shale does not contain oil oroil shale does not contain oil or made of shalemade of shale instead, it is deposits of kerogeninstead, it is deposits of. The remainder of the diagram is the actual process, often called the gas oil separation plant gosp. Spe references csugspe 1pp shale gas modeling workflow.
From microseismic to simulation a horn river case study o joint paper with cmg and nexen iptc14940 evaluation in data rich fayatteville shale gas. Environmental safeguards on shale gas production needed as china begins development. Analysts expect shale gas will greatly expand worldwide energy supply unconventional gas production is expected to rise from 42% in 2007 to 64% in 2010 there is enough shale gas to support the u. Shale gas production requires less water than conventional production of oil and other forms of energy. Shale gas is the term often used to describe both tight gas and shale gas resources. In order to produce gas economically, this is used in. Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the united states since the start of this century, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in the rest of the world. Methods which should reduce environmental footprint.
Determine which method of production of shale oil is the most feasible. But all shale gas is not the same, and gas processing requirements for shale gas can vary from area to area. Shale gas proved reserves, reserves changes, and production. This process converts kerogen in oil shale into shale oil by pyrolysis, hydrogenation, or thermal dissolution. In addition to the recent development of the barnett shale, oil and gas production from other geologic formations. The amount of water used to produce energy by source ranges from five litres 1. Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations. This is quickly followed by selfcontained chapters concerning new and evolving process technologies and their applications as well as environmental regulations. The development of largescale shale gas production is changing the u. The result of such a process can be far more damaging than a 20% cost overrun on a. Although, its popularity has grown over the years, there is much to be done to make their production and processing more costeffective. Shale gas is natural gas produced from shale formations that typically function as both the reservoir and the source rocks for the natural gas. Shale gas formations are unconventional reservoirs i.
The phenomenon of shale gas is both topical and controversial. In terms of chemical makeup, shale gas is typically a dry gas composed primarily of methane 6095% vv, but some formations do produce wet gas. Composition variety complicates processing plans for us. Shale gas production hydraulic fracturing is a key technique that has enabled the economic production of natural gas from shale deposits, or plays. Most critics support the production of natural gas from shale. The problem, then, is that a shaleoil only search strategy. Written in an easy to read format, shale gas production processes will prove useful for those scientists and. The study objective was to quantify net water use for shalegas production using data from texas, which is the dominant producer of shale gas in the u. Due to the comparative complexity of nonconventional oil and gas extraction processes, lifecycles for nonconventional resources such as shale oil and gas are likely to take longer at the appraisal and develop phases. Analyze production process to determine subsurface designs reservoir characteristics surface processing facilities. The main difference between tight gas and shale gas, however, is that tight gas can be found in low permeability sedimentary rocks, such as sandstones, while shale gas.
The us story and its implications, global energy center senior fellow ellen scholl looks at the factors which enabled the rise of oil and gas production from shale. Use this site to educate the public about the processes involved in shale gas production, the chemicals and water used, industry impact on the local economy. Production of shale gas using the socalled fracking technology is currently the subject of a heated energy and environmental policy debate. Fracking for shale gas production 5 1 introduction 1. While there are oil or gasonly installations, more often the wellstream will consist of a full range of hydrocarbons from gas. What further work is needed if shale gas exploration and production. Shale gas is expected to account for 30 per cent of world natural gas production by 2040. Clean cities white paper template us department of energy.
Potential versus actual ghg emissions francis osullivan and sergey paltsev abstract estimates of greenhouse gas ghg emissions from shale gas production and use are controversial. Use this site to educate the public about the processes involved in shale gas production, the. How is shale gas extracted through hydraulic fracturing fracking. Easytoread understand overview of the chemistry, engineering, and technology of shale oil. What is shale gas, how is it extracted through fracking. An assessment of oil shale technologies part 7 of 18. Understanding shale oil and the controversial practice of frackington 720p duration. This contrasts with a conventional gas reservoir produced from sands and carbonates such as. A supply glut of oil has led to greatly reduced oil prices and a decline in investment in nontraditional oil fields such as shale oil. Shale oil and gas are exactly the same product as oil and natural gas from conventional extraction. Permeability refers to the capacity of a porous, sediment, soil or rock in this case to transmit a fluid. Liquefied natural gas american petroleum institute. Brief but comprehensive, shale gas production processes.
Shale production billion cubic feet decade year0 year1 year2 year3 year4 year5 year6 year7 year8 year9. In the oil and natural gas industry over much of the 20th century, finding. The scale of the potential for shale gas extraction in the. Office of fossil energy natural gas production from shale. Download citation shale gas production processes the extraction of natural gas from shale.
Shale gas exploration and production key issues and responsible business practices guidance note for financiers this guidance note has been produced to assist financial institutions in their internal conversations and decisionmaking with regard to risks and responsible business practices associated with shale gas production. Growth in argentinas vaca muerta shale and tight gas production leads to lng exports july 9, 2019 in 2018, 90% of the natural gas used in the united states was produced domestically. However, the well development and gas extraction processes differ widely. The extraction of natural gas from shale formations is no simple task and perhaps the most. Shale gas exploration and production key issues and. The extraction of natural gas from shale formations is no simple task and perhaps the most expensive when compared to over unconventional gases. Written in an easy to read format, shale gas production processes. However, some oil or natural gas will always be retained within the shale, adsorbed on to kerogen and clay particles, and filling pore spaces and natural fractures.
Shale gas production and transportation requirements. Here we assess the level of ghg emissions from shale gas. It is this process that forms a potential shale oil or shale gas reservoir. Hydraulic fracturing commonly known as fracking is the process used to extract shale gas.